Evaluation of three methods of static contact angle measurements for TiO₂ nanofluid droplets during evaporation

This article discusses the evaluation of three methods static contact angle measurements de-ionized (DI) water and TiO2 nanofluid droplets with concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 5%) that evaporate on substrate different temperatures. To compare discussed approximation methods, differences between results mean angles were identified; highest standard deviation was recorded for Young–Laplace circle such as TiO2–DI 1% at 50 °C, it is 3.21°, while lowest value obtained 5% Tenv, SD = 0.04°, by comparing using ellipse methods. Research shows circular shape not to be excluded determination in angular range 0°–75°.